Potatoes originated in the Andes,
particularly in Peru, where the most genetic diversity is concentrated. They
have become the world’s most widely grown tuber crop, and the fourth largest
food crop in terms of fresh produce. Their versatility and easy preparation
make them an important ingredient for gourmet dishes. Potatoes are known for
their high carbohydrate and protein content; they also contain a number of
important vitamins and minerals.
The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United
Nations declared 2008 as the International Year of the Potato, aiming to
revalue, increase, and promote, the investment and development of the
production of this tuber. Since Peru has the greatest diversity of potatoes in
the world, the event was launched at the Botanical Garden of Moray, Urubamba,
in the region of Cusco.
The importance of potatoes as food staple in
Inca times was shown in special ceremonies and festivities. Nowadays, in May 30,
Peruvians celebrate the benefits of this produce in the National Day of
Potatoes.
Future discoveries beyond our planet may
benefit with potatoes as a food staple for astronauts on long-term voyages
through the universe: in 1995, potato become the first vegetable grown in
space.
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